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Updated: Jun 25 2021

Acromioclavicular Joint

Images
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/3033/images/cc ligaments v4.jpg
  • AC joint
    • Osteology
      • the AC joint is a diarthrodial joint
      • fibrocartilaginous intraarticular disc is located between the osseous segments
    • Motion
      • majority of motion is from the bones, not through the joint
        • clavicle rotates 40-50° posteriorly with shoulder elevation
        • 8° of rotation through AC joint
        • remainder from scapular rotation and sternoclavicular motion
      • joint itself is limited to gliding motions only
    • Stability
      • acromioclavicular ligament
        • provides horizontal stability
        • has superior, inferior, anterior, and posterior components
          • superior ligament is strongest, followed by posterior
      • coracoclavicular ligaments (trapezoid and conoid)
        • provides vertical stability
        • trapezoid inserts 3 cm from end of clavicle
          • stabilizer against horizontal and vertical loads
        • conoid inserts 4.5 cm from end of clavicle in the posterior border
          • more important ligament
          • vertical stabilizer of AC joint
        • normal CC distance (superior coracoid to inferior clavicle) is 11-13mm
      • deltotrapezial fascia, capsule, deltoid and trapezius
        • act as additional stabilizers
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