Introduction Indications Treatment of infected cases of nonunion Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis Bx and treatment of bone tumors Exploration of the sciatic nerve Intermuscular plane Between lateral intermuscular septum which covers vastus lateralis (femoral nerve) biceps femoris (sciatic nerve) Approach Position prone Incision Longitudinal (20 cm) down the midline of the posterior aspect of the thigh Superficial dissection Deep fascia of the thigh avoid posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Deep dissection Begin proximally; retract the long head of biceps femoris medially and lateral intermuscular septum laterally In the distal half, retract the long head of the biceps laterally to expose the sciatic nerve; retract the sciatic nerve laterally excise periosteum longitudinally expose desired area of femur with subperiosteal dissection Dangers Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Sciatic nerve Nerve to biceps femoris