Please confirm topic selection

Are you sure you want to trigger topic in your Anconeus AI algorithm?

Please confirm action

You are done for today with this topic.

Would you like to start learning session with this topic items scheduled for future?

Updated: Jun 22 2021

Intramuscular Myxomas

Images
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/8080/images/mri.intramuscular myxoma.jpg
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/8080/images/myxoma 2.jpg
https://upload.orthobullets.com/topic/8080/images/histology intramuscular myxoma.jpg
  • summary
    • Intramuscular Myxomas are benign soft tissue tumors that present as slow-growing deeply seated masses confined within the skeletal muscle.
    • The condition is typically seen in patients between 40 and 60 years of age who present with a slow-growing mass that may or may not be painful.
    • Diagnosis is made with MRI studies showing a homogenous mass with an intramuscular location.
    • Treatment is observation for asymptomatic lesions. Marginal surgical excision is indicated for symptomatic lesions that do not resolve with nonoperative management. 
  • Epidemiology
    • Demographics
      • occur in 40 to 60 year olds
      • slight female predilection
    • Associated conditions
      • commonly located in the thigh, shoulder, buttock, or upper arm
  • Etiology
    • Mechanism
      • likely develop from premature mesenchymal stem cells which differentiate into benign fibroblasts which loose their capacity to secrete collagen
    • Associated conditions
      • Mazabraud's syndrome
        • a syndrome characterized by multiple intramuscular myxomas associated with monostotic or polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
      • myxoid liposarcomas
        • important to differentiate from a myxoid liposarcomas, which occurs in an intermuscular location
  • Presentation
    • Symptoms
      • slowly growing mass
      • may or may not be painful
        • pain in soft tissue sarcomas is often based on compression of surrounding tissues like vessels or nerves
  • Imaging
    • MRI
      • homogeneous appearance
      • bright T2 signal
      • dark T1 signal
      • intramuscular location
        • intramuscular location of myxomas is important to differentiate from myxoid liposarcoma, which occurs in an intermuscular location
  • Studies
    • Histology
      • characterized by bland and hypo-cellular myxoid stroma
      • no cellular atypia
      • low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio
      • no atypical mitosis
  • Treatment
    • Nonoperative
      • observation
        • indications
          • for asymptomatic lesions
    • Operative
      • marginal surgical excision
        • indications
          • symptomatic benign low-grade tumors
        • neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy is not needed
        • local recurrence and metastasis uncommon
  • Prognosis
    • Local recurrence and metastasis uncommon
Card
1 of 0
Question
1 of 2
Private Note