Introduction Wolff's Law bone remodels in response to mechanical stress Piezoelectric charges bone remodels in response to electric charges compression side is electronegative and stimulates osteoblast formation tension side is electropostive and stimulates osteoclasts Hueter-Volkmann Law theory that bone remodels in small packets of cells known as Basic Multicellular Units (BMUs) theory suggest that mechanical forces influence longitudinal growth compressive forces inhibit growth may play role in scoliosis Remodeling Mechanism Cortical bone remodels by osteoclastic tunneling (cutting cone) osteoclastic resorption > layering of osteoblasts > layering of lamellae > cement line laid down osteoclast make up head of cutting cone, followed by capillaries and then osteoblasts which lay down the osteoid to fill the cutting cone sclerostin inhibits osteoblastogenenesis to decrease bone formation cortical bone continues to change over time cortical area decreases as age increases linked to increase fracture risk medullary canal volume increases as age increases Cancellous bone remodels by osteoclastic resorption osteoblastic deposition of layers of lamellae